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This publication analyzes the evolution of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) in Asia and the Pacific, assesses their potential risks and technical challenges, and explores their potential to improve cross-border payments and financial inclusion. Ahead of the launch of any large-scale Asian CBDC, it details various models and explores how Cambodia, the People's Republic of China, Singapore, and Thailand are taking the lead. Outlining global developments...
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This report analyzes how to untangle and simplify the complex product-specific rules of origin (PSRO) in free trade agreements in Asia and the Pacific and explores how technology can cut red tape and reduce inefficiencies impacting trade. It compares the leniency and stringency of PSROs under the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) in terms of manufacturing requirements with those contained in ASEAN+1 free trade agreements. Assessing...
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This report analyzes e-commerce in Asia and the Pacific, assesses its environmental impact, and explains why providing adequate internet, online payments, and last-mile logistics is key to creating a sustainable and inclusive digital marketplace. Noting the region makes up the largest share of the world's online retail market, it tracks the impact of the pandemic and emphasizes the need to level the playing field for small businesses. It outlines...
4) Harnessing the Fourth Industrial Revolution through Skills Development in High-Growth Industries in
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Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies have brought about unprecedented changes to labor markets, and the coronavirus disease further hastened digital transformations. While the application of 4IR technologies spell opportunities for productivity growth and income gains, they also create challenges, including job losses. Investing in skills for 4IR and incorporating 4IR technologies in the delivery of training can smoothen the transition...
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The COVID-19 pandemic hit India in three waves between 2020 and 2022 with severe socioeconomic impact, particularly on poor and vulnerable people. The Government of India's response over different phases of the pandemic was comprehensive and graded. As its long-standing partner, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) proactively supported the government's strategic, multisectoral, and well planned intervention. ADB effectively realigned its operational...
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The Policy Actions for COVID-19 Economic Recovery (PACER) Dialogues was launched in June 2020 as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic accelerated around the world. The PACER Dialogues share cutting-edge knowledge and best practices to help countries in Southeast Asia and the People's Republic of China strengthen cooperation to mitigate the devastating effects of COVID-19 and accelerate their economic recovery. This second compendium of nine...
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With prayers for healing, peace, and strength for today, 100 Favorite Bible Prayers invites you to rest in God's presence as you develop the practice of praying through the great prayers of the Bible.
Discover the life-changing power of conversation with God as you immerse yourself in the richest prayers of the Old and New Testaments. From Hannah's prayers for a child to Jesus' prayer in Gethsemane, the prayers of Scripture remind us of God's longing...
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This publication assesses the Kyrgyz Republic's rising exposure to landslides and looks at how ADB is providing a $35 million finance package to develop a risk reduction program designed to boost preparedness and cut their impact. Explaining why factors including rainfall patterns and high seismic activity make the country prone to landslides, it shows that over 30,000 people are at immediate risk from the events with women and marginalized groups...
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This report analyzes how carbon markets can be designed to help economies reach ambitious emission reduction goals and generate the financing needed to scale up climate action and build a resilient future. Designed as a framework for policymakers, it examines the current state of international and domestic carbon markets, delves into legal and policy issues, and explains how informed policy choices can be made when designing national strategies for...
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This report outlines the opportunities for ADB and other multilateral development banks to help make financial markets in Asia and the Pacific more resilient to climate risk and support the transition to a low carbon economy. Explaining how ADB can play a catalytic role in greening the financial system, the report sets out policy options, assesses the bank's strategic operational priorities, and considers implementation challenges. Analyzing ways...
11) Manual for Climate Change Adaptation Measures for Transport Infrastructure in Central Asia With A
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This manual provides an overview of climate-driven stressors relevant to transport infrastructure in Central Asia and explores adaptation strategies. Over the next decades, the effects of climate change will likely exert considerable pressure on the transport infrastructure of Central Asia. In response, policymakers and the engineering community need to implement resilient yet sustainable designs and construction solutions. This resource provides...
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Technology-based startup enterprises are an increasingly important part of the business landscape in Asia and the Pacific. By applying innovative technologies to create new products and services, they can make a significant contribution to economic development while generating social and environmental benefits. However, to survive and then thrive, tech startups require an enabling ecosystem that includes supportive government policy, adequate access...
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Analyzing the role companies can play in tackling climate change, this book shows how they can set up effective environmental, social, and governance (ESG) frameworks and draft resilient strategies for sustainable activities and investment. It assesses the issue of climate justice, considers the impact of "greenwashing", and looks at ways investors can evaluate ESG considerations. It outlines the corporate and economic risks of climate change alongside...
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This publication analyzes the risks of digital transformation and shows how context-aware and integrated risk management can advance the digitally resilient development projects needed to build a more sustainable and equitable future. The publication outlines ADB's digital risk assessment tools, looks at the role of development partners, and considers issues including cybersecurity, third-party digital risk management, and the ethical risks of artificial...
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This publication is designed to help tax analysts estimate revenue losses from tax expenditures and tax incentives. It presents the methodologies commonly used to estimate revenues forgone using varying sources of data. It discusses tax expenditure definitions, issues related to benchmarking and building an inventory of tax expenditures, and estimation methodologies using stylized models to show how to calculate revenues forgone when a tax concession...
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This report explores what a global transition to net zero could mean for Asia and the Pacific under a range of climate policy scenarios and provides recommendations. Developing Asia faces a climate policy crossroads. The region is highly vulnerable to climate change, even as it is an increasing contributor to the global climate crisis. This report models emission pathways based on commitments and pledges under the Paris Agreement and compares them...
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Detailing how Australia's Therapeutics Goods Administration conducted horizon scanning for new vaccines during the pandemic to assist ADB, this report is designed to help countries in Asia and the Pacific prepare for future outbreaks. It provides details of 16 vaccine manufacturers with novel and established vaccine technologies adapted to new pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Offering information on their vaccine pipeline...
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This report explains why strengthening the governance around public investment management is central to cutting inefficiencies and unblocking the climate finance needed to narrow Asia and the Pacific's gaping infrastructure gap. Outlining how adaptation and mitigation should be woven into more inclusive investment planning, it explains why private investment should be combined with public resources to better tackle the climate and investment shortfall....
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Textiles and textile products dominate Bangladesh's exports and participation in global value chains. However, such concentration poses risks to the economy. This report highlights that diversification into other sectors will be important to promote export-led growth. It explores how Bangladesh can build on its recent economic success by unlocking productivity gains from technology adoption, narrowing the digital divide, and expanding participation...
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Highlighting the importance of Asia's small and medium enterprises (SMEs), this report shows how economies can learn from policies employed by the Republic of Korea (ROK) and the United States (US) to offer SMEs the credit they need to thrive. With SMEs making up some 96% of all Asian businesses, the report explains the challenges they commonly face and analyzes the impact of specialized financing facilities in the ROK and the US. It offers a study...
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